The Xia class was designed to carry twelve Julang (“Great Wave”) JL-1 ballistic missiles. The first submarine of the so-called Xia class was launched in 1981, and went to sea for the first time in 1983.
The priority given to the Three Grasps accelerated the Type 092’s developmental pace, which had been stalled by political maneuvering and even the carnage of the Cultural Revolution. China’s nuclear-submarine development effort, code-named Type 09, would produce two ships: the Type 091 attack submarine and Type 092. The first draft of the submarine plans was finished in October 1967. Navy with great success in the experimental sub USS Albacore. Despite most of China’s submarines using a traditional World War II–derived submarine hull, Huang pressed for a teardrop hull, the kind pioneered by the U.S. The Type 092 was designed by the Nuclear Powered Submarine Overall Design Section of the Seventh Academy, with Chief Designer Huang Xuhua overseeing the project. This made a ballistic-missile submarine a national priority, and construction began that same year. Sea-based nukes, which are much more difficult to locate and destroy than other basing strategies, were more in line with China’s countervalue strategy. Upon coming to power in 1978, Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping cut military research and development spending, concentrating what was left on the “ Three Grasps”-the development of an intercontinental ballistic missile, a submarine-launched ballistic missile and a communications satellite.
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